Biblical Quotes In Tess Of The D

# 8217 ; ubervilles Essay, Research Paper Biblical Quotation marks in Tess of the D # 8217 ; Ubervilles Thomas Hardy # 8217 ; s Tess of the D # 8217 ; Ubervilles portrays the romantic battles of Tess Durbyfield with nature and other unmanageable fortunes. Hardy crafts his novel with legion Biblical quotation marks and allusions. As a self-proclaimed atheist, Hardy manipulates Biblical quotes out of their intended context in the Bible for his ain significance and consequence. Although Hardy is an atheist, he is erudite in the Bible and its instructions. This is really apparent in his book with 63 documented Biblical quotation marks and allusions. Hardy most commonly uses the quotation marks in idiomatic phrases and as similes or metaphors to break depict a character or state of affairs in the original Biblical context, but he besides abuses Biblical quotation marks. Job 42: 5-6 provinces, # 8220 ; I had heard of thee by the hearing of the ear, but now my oculus sees thee ; hence I despise myself, and repent in dust and as hes. # 8221 ; In the Biblical context, to # 8220 ; repent in dust and ashes # 8221 ; means to atone with your whole being, which is made of dust and ashes. Hardy reveals Tess # 8217 ; s ideas about Alec: # 8220 ; Hate him she did non rather, but he was dust and ashes to her, and even for her name # 8217 ; s sake she barely wished to get married him # 8221 ; ( 80 ) . Hardy manipulates the Biblical significance and creates his ain significance for # 8220 ; dust and ashes. # 8221 ; Hardy # 8217 ; s definition implies that dust and ashes are scum and humble objects of no desire to Tess. Hardy exploits a Biblical quotation mark intended to intend every fibre of one # 8217 ; s being into the offal of Tess # 8217 ; s desire. Hardy besides eliminates the original purpose of Phillipians 4: 8-9: # 8221 ; Finally, brethren, whatever is true, whatever is honest, whatever is merely, whatever is pure, whatever is lovely, whatever is gracious, if there is any excellence, if there is anythi ng worthy of congratulations, think about these things. What you have learned and received and heard and seen in me, do. # 8221 ; The adjectives Jesus references exemplify the highest qualities of adult male and should remind Christians of the lone perfect homo, Jesus. In Tess of T he D’Ubervilles, Angel describes Tess as â€Å"being numbered among those who are true, honest, and merely, and pure, and lovely, and of good report† ( 192 ) . Hardy’s citation of the Bible is misdirecting and hypocritical of Tess’ true character. Tellurium was non pure, true, or merely. Tess loses her virginity before she is married and has a kid out of marriage. Tess besides commits slaying, withstanding one of the 10 commandments God set before adult male. The purpose of Hardy’s citation is non to touch to Tess as a Christ figure but instead to qualify Tess as the heroine, who Hardy adored, and demo Angel’s love for Tess. In a continuance of Hardy’s tendency, he molds another Biblical quotation mark into his ain context when he refers to Tess’ character. Hardy’s cagey handling of the different quotes’ original Biblical context establishes Tess’ character with an added genius and singularity. In Matthew 5: 44 – 45, Jesus says, # 8220 ; But I say to you, Love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you, so that you may be boies of your Father who is in Eden ; for he makes the sun rise on the immorality and the good, and sends rain on the merely and unjust. # 8221 ; This quotation mark refers to God # 8217 ; s blind love for everyone no affair if they are Christians or non. God does non seek wrath on evildoers, but instead he treats everyone every bit. Tellurium expresses that she would non # 8220 ; mind larning why # 8211 ; why the Sun does reflect on the merely and unfair alike # 8221 ; ( 125 ) . Tess # 8217 ; rhetorical ailment is precisely that and no more. God # 8217 ; s unconditioned love is non the point of Tess # 8217 ; duologue. Tess complains vocally that she feels life is non just. Hardy # 8217 ; s deceptive quotation mark shows Tess # 8217 ; ignorance of life # 8217 ; s unfairness, and she does non acknowledge that the original context of the quotation mark is to demo God # 821 7 ; s love. Hardy does non misapply Biblical quotation marks to turn out a point or raise inquiries from an atheist # 8217 ; s point of position. Hardy simply quotes the Bible out of context for word picture and dramatic consequence, giving new definitions to Biblical phrases that had antecedently been understood to connote other significances.

Cyber Security Information Technology Research Paper

Cyber Security Information Technology - Research Paper Example Their motives are divergent, with some being political while others are just for malicious purposes. This has prompted various government and security agencies to intervene in order to rescue the situation. This paper will analyze cyber security, those likely to be involved in network hacking and the role of the government in protecting infrastructures vulnerable to cyber attacks. Difference between information assurance and cyber security There is a distinct difference between information assurance and cyber security. On one hand, information assurance entails putting in place measures that protect information and information systems, which ensures their availability, reliability, non-repudiation and discretion (Westfall, 2011). The information may either be electronic or general information within an organization. While dealing with electronic information, the system must be able to address the confidentiality concerns, by either introducing passwords or physically protecting the h ardware. Likewise, the information system must be in a position to monitor all the information and direct it to the legitimate users (The national Technical Authority for Information Assurance, 2011). Broadly, information assurance aims at ensuring that information moves to the right person at the right time and place. On the other hand, cyber security involves the effort of the organization or individuals to protect valuable information through preventing, detecting and even responding to prevailing threats. In cyber security, most of the attacks are online, since the process involves the use of the internet, although physical safety is necessary due to the protection of hardware involved in the transmission of information. Some of the threats involved are more serious, although this is subject to the ability of the organization to deal with them (McDowell & Householder, 2009). There are two broad categories of cyber attacks. One is when an attacker studies the security of the syst em and develops malicious programs to destroy the servers. The other attack is the zero-day attack, in which case the attacker bombards the system even before implementing the security measures (Fujiwara, 2006). Potential hackers and their motives Hackers have varied reasons for hacking into a cyber network. It is important to note that anyone can qualify to be a hacker, as long as there is an intention to access private information without permission. The leading cyber threat involves the financial sector, in which case the hackers engage in a number of ways. The first case is account takeover whereby criminals exploit financial and online systems, taking over the functions of the account holders. The aim of this crime is to pose as the legitimate owner, as this gives the criminals access to the accounts. Eventually, the criminals transfer all the cash to their accounts or withdraw the cash for their personal use. Another group of hackers consists of those criminals who engage in t he third party payment processor breaches. In this case, hackers target large multinational companies, which have a large network of payment processors. By compromising the personal identifiable information of the employees of such companies, the hackers go ahead to seek payment or other financial benefits from the employer. Their aim is to siphon as much cash as possible before the organization realizes it is not dealing with the real employees (Snow,

Marks and spencer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Marks and spencer - Essay Example One of foremost steps in creating a successful marketing strategy is that of Market Segmentation, which refers to the division of a whole market for a product into smaller segments based upon the characteristics or aspects that are shared by the groups. By conducting market segmentation, a business is able to understand and evaluate various aspects of each division, group or segment in order to target a group or several groups that are then catered to with different marketing mixes (Vieceli & Valos 1998). As buyers become more diversified and unique, market segmentation acts as a key tool in designing the marketing strategies of successful organizations who understand that the diverse characteristics of customer needs, wants and preferences make it a requirement for any business’ success that the nature of its customer’s needs and wants is precisely defined and then handled accordingly (Lamb, Hair & McDaniel 2011). Market Segmentation can be conducted on the basis of fo ur primary variables that are Geographic, Demographic, Psychographic and Behavioral and will be discussed individually based on their relevance and applicability to Marks and Spencer. Geographic Segmentation: World region or country: The primary market for the retailer is still the United Kingdom; moreover, it has also expanded into Asia, Africa and other European nations. City or metro size: The location of Marks and Spencer shops is primarily Major cities with population crossing 4 million and mainstream cities with population above 1 million. Density: Urban and suburban population. Demographic Segmentation: Age: Middle-aged. The average age of a customer can range from 35-55. Gender: The existence of product categories such as women’s clothing, lingerie, beauty, kids, home furniture, food and gifts seems to attract a largely female audience but that does not mean that men are not M&S buyers. Family life cycle: Customers are usually single, married, married couples with chi ldren, unmarried couples and older people who are family oriented. Income: ?30,000 and above per annum Psychographic Segmentation: Social Class: Usually middle class and upper middle class buyers looking for products that are of a decent quality but also economical and suitably priced at the same time. This suggests that customers of M&S seek good value for money. Personality: Customers are not generally perceived as trendy, fashionable or imaginative when it comes to choices related to clothing. Older customers are not considered to be ambitious or achievers who wish to shop at the retailer to project a sense of success and affluence (Business World). Behavioral Segmentation: Occasions: The M&S shopping experience is not limited to special occasions; buyers may shop at M&S for regular commodities and go to other high-end retailers for special occasion shopping such as Christmas. This was reflected in a drop in sales of M&S by 3.8% for general commodities during the holiday season o f 2012 (Ruddick 2013). Benefits Sought: Users seek economy and convenience when shopping at M&S as much of the commodities are affordable and not high-priced. Loyalty Status: Customer’s buying behavior for regular and basic commodities such as grocery and basic clothing is low involvement, habitual buying behavior. Therefore,